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Received today — 2 February 2026

Reducing PV module temperature with leaf vein–inspired fins

2 February 2026 at 08:25

Researchers in Iraq have developed biomimetic leaf vein–inspired fins for photovoltaic panels, with reticulate (RET) venation reducing panel temperature by 33.6 C and boosting efficiency by 18% using passive cooling. Their study combines 3D CFD simulations and electrical evaluations to optimize fin geometry, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional cooling methods.

A research group from Iraq’s Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University has numerically investigated the thermal and electrical performance of PV panels integrated with leaf vein–inspired fins. They have simulated four types of venation used by plants, namely pinnate venation (PIN), reticulate venation (RET), parallel venation along the vertical axis (PAR-I), and parallel venation along the horizontal axis (PAR-II).

“The key novelty of our research lies in introducing and systematically optimizing biomimetic leaf vein–inspired fin geometries as passive heat sinks for photovoltaic panels,” corresponding author Yasser A. Jebbar told pv magazine. “While conventional cooling approaches rely on simple straight fins, fluids, or active systems, our study is among the first to directly translate natural leaf venation patterns—particularly RET structures—into manufacturable backside fins specifically tailored for PV thermal and electrical performance.”

The team combined detailed 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling with electrical efficiency analysis to identify geometries that maximize heat dissipation without additional energy input or water consumption. Next steps include experimental validation of the leaf vein fin designs under real outdoor conditions, particularly in hot climates.

The simulated PV panel consisted of five layers: glass, two ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layers, a solar cell layer, and a Tedlar layer, with a copper heat sink and fins attached. All fin configurations were initially 0.002 m thick, 0.03 m high, and spaced 0.05 m apart. Panels measured 0.5 m × 0.5 m, with a surrounding air velocity of 1.5 m/s and incident irradiance of 1,000 W/m².

RET fins outperformed all other designs, reducing operating temperature by 33.6 C and increasing electrical efficiency from 12.0% to 14.19% —an 18 % relative improvement—compared to uncooled panels.

“This temperature reduction rivals, and in some cases exceeds, water-based or hybrid cooling methods, despite relying solely on passive air cooling,” Jebbar noted. The study also highlighted the significant impact of fin height, more than spacing or thickness, on cooling performance.

The team further optimized the RET fins, varying spacing from 0.02–0.07 m, height from 0.02–0.07 m, and thickness from 0.002–0.007 m. The optimal geometry—0.03 m spacing, 0.05 m height, and 0.006 m thickness—achieved the maximum 33.6 C temperature reduction and 18% efficiency gain.

The novel cooling technique was described in “Improving Thermal and Electrical Performance of PV Panels Using Leaf Vein Fins,” published in Solar Energy. Researchers from Iraq’s Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, University of Kerbala, and Sweden’s University of Gävle have participated in the study.

UNSW researchers identify new damp heat-induced failure mechanism in TOPCon solar modules

2 February 2026 at 07:32

UNSW researchers identified a new damp-heat degradation mechanism in TOPCon modules with laser-fired contacts, driven primarily by rear-side recombination and open-circuit voltage loss rather than series-resistance increase. The study highlights that magnesium in white EVA encapsulants accelerates degradation, guiding improved encapsulant and backsheet selection for more reliable modules in humid environments.

A research team from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) has identifed a new damp heat-induced degradation pathway in TOPCon modules fabricated with laser-assisted fired contacts.

“Unlike earlier studies dominated by series-resistance increase, the primary degradation driver here is a reduction in open-circuit voltage, linked to enhanced rear-side recombination,” the research's lead author, Bram Hoex, told pv magazine. “The new degradation mechanism emerged under extended damp-heat (DH) exposure.”

The scientists conducted their analysis on 182 mm × 182 mm TOPCon cells fabricated in 2024 with laser-assisted firing.

The TOPCon solar cells employed a boron-doped p⁺ emitter, along with a front-side passivation stack consisting of unintentionally grown silicon dioxide (SiOₓ), aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), and hydrogenated silicon nitride (SiNₓ:H), capped with a screen-printed H-pattern silver (Ag) contact grid. On the rear side, the structure comprised a SiO₂/phosphorus-doped n⁺ polycrystalline silicon/SiNₓ:H stack, also contacted by a screen-printed H-pattern Ag grid.

The researchers encapsulated the cells with different bill of materials (BOMs): two types of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA); two types of polyolefin elastomer (POE); and one type of EVA-POE-EVA (EPE). They also used commercial coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composite (CPC) backsheets.

“The mini modules were laminated at 153 C for 8 min under standard industrial lamination conditions,” the academics explained. “All modules underwent DH test at 85 C and 85% relative humidity (RH) in an ASLi climate chamber for up to 2,000 h to study humidity-induced failures.

Schematic of the TOPCon solar cells and modules

Image: UNSW, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, CC BY 4.0

The tests showed that maximum power losses ranged from 6% to 16%, with the difference among these values depending strongly on the encapsulation BOM.

“The modules with POE on both sides were the most stable at around 8%, while those using white EVA on the rear side, especially in combination with EPE, showed the largest losses at around 16%,” said Hoex. “The primary driver of the degradation was a reduction in open-circuit voltage rather than the increased series resistance after DH testing, which diverges from previous findings that predominantly attributed DH-induced degradation to metallisation corrosion.”

The research team explained that higher levels of degradation were attributable to additives containing magnesium (Mg) in white EVA, which migrate under DH, hydrate, and create an alkaline micro-environment. “This alkaline chemistry corrodes the rear SiNx passivation layer, increases interfacial hydrogen concentration, induces local pinhole-like defects, and raises dark saturation current, ultimately reducing open-circuit voltage,” Hoex emphasized.

The scientists also explained that, although Mg in white EVA encapsulants and its role in acetic acid–induced degradation was previously reported, the effect of MgO on performance degradation in TOPCon modules was not explicitly studied.

Their findings are available in the paper “A novel damp heat-induced failure mechanism in PV modules (with case study in TOPCon),”  published in Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.

“We hope this work helps refine encapsulant and BOM selection strategies for next-generation TOPCon modules, particularly for humid-climate deployment,” Hoex concluded. “It provides clear guidance for controlling Mg content in rear encapsulants and optimising rear-side passivation robustness. The mechanistic insights from this study have already informed upstream design changes, substantially reducing risk in commercial modules.”

Other research by UNSW showed the impact of POE encapsulants in TOPCon module corrosion, soldering flux on TOPCon solar cell performancedegradation mechanisms of industrial TOPCon solar modules encapsulated with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) under accelerated damp-heat conditions, as well as the vulnerability of TOPCon solar cells to contact corrosion and three types of TOPCon solar module failures that were never detected in PERC panels.

Furthermore, UNSW scientists investigated sodium-induced degradation of TOPCon solar cells under damp-heat exposure, the role of ‘hidden contaminants’ in the degradation of both TOPCon and heterojunction devices, and the impact of electron irradiation on PERC, TOPCon solar cell performance.

More recently, another UNSW rsearch team developed an experimentally validated model linking UV-induced degradation in TOPCon solar cells to hydrogen transport, charge trapping, and permanent structural changes in the passivation stack.

JIVO Energy Commissions Sierra Leone’s First Hybrid Off-Grid Power System in Moyamba

2 February 2026 at 08:33

JIVO Energy has installed Sierra Leone's first hybrid off-grid energy system in Moyamba Town, enhancing rural electrification. Funded by the World Bank and managed by UNOPS, the system combines solar, battery storage, and diesel generators to provide reliable electricity, promoting socio-economic development and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

The post JIVO Energy Commissions Sierra Leone’s First Hybrid Off-Grid Power System in Moyamba appeared first on SolarQuarter.

GCC Begins Construction of 400 kV Cross-Border Grid Interconnection Linking Oman to Regional Power Network

2 February 2026 at 08:28

The GCCIA has launched a direct electricity interconnection project with Oman, enhancing regional energy integration and grid reliability. The US$700 million initiative will improve emergency support and renewable energy integration. Key officials emphasized its role in economic growth and stability while addressing increased electricity demand across Gulf states.

The post GCC Begins Construction of 400 kV Cross-Border Grid Interconnection Linking Oman to Regional Power Network appeared first on SolarQuarter.

NTPC Commissions 210 MW First Phase Of 1.2 GW Khavda-II Solar Project In Gujarat

2 February 2026 at 07:40

NTPC Limited has announced a fresh addition to its renewable energy portfolio with the commissioning of a new solar power capacity in Gujarat. In a formal disclosure dated January 30, […]

The post NTPC Commissions 210 MW First Phase Of 1.2 GW Khavda-II Solar Project In Gujarat appeared first on SolarQuarter.

Fujiyama Power Systems Reports 74% YoY Revenue Growth in Q3 FY26, Commissions 1 GW Solar Cell Plant

2 February 2026 at 07:23

Fujiyama Power Systems Limited reported significant financial growth for Q3 FY26 and the nine-month period ending December 31, 2025. Revenue surged by 73.8% YoY to Rs. 5,885 million, with PAT increasing 124.3% YoY to Rs. 673 million. The company expanded its manufacturing and distribution networks, anticipating continued growth in India's solar market.

The post Fujiyama Power Systems Reports 74% YoY Revenue Growth in Q3 FY26, Commissions 1 GW Solar Cell Plant appeared first on SolarQuarter.

IBM Advances Quantum Computing with Nighthawk for Clean Energy Transformations

2 February 2026 at 06:09

I visited IBM’s headquarters in Yorktown last December, arriving just after a snowstorm had rolled through the Hudson Valley. The timing was fitting. Quantum computing, like winter weather, is something people talk about constantly but many don’t experience directly. At IBM’s Quantum Technology labs, you can at least hear the ... [continued]

The post IBM Advances Quantum Computing with Nighthawk for Clean Energy Transformations appeared first on CleanTechnica.

NiCo₂O₄ Nanowire Photo-Capacitor Enables Self-Charging Energy Storage

2 February 2026 at 06:13

Scientists at CeNS in Bengaluru have created a photo-rechargeable supercapacitor, known as a photo-capacitor, which simultaneously captures and stores solar energy, eliminating the need for separate solar panels and batteries. This innovative device enhances efficiency and compactness, paving the way for advanced, self-sustaining power systems in portable electronics and renewable energy use.

The post NiCo₂O₄ Nanowire Photo-Capacitor Enables Self-Charging Energy Storage appeared first on SolarQuarter.

Union Budget 2026 :Duty Exemption on Solar Glass Input Boosts India’s Solar Manufacturing Ambitions

2 February 2026 at 05:04

The Union Budget 2026-27 has eliminated the basic customs duty on sodium antimonate, a key component in photovoltaic solar glass production, which will lower costs and enhance the competitiveness of Indian manufacturers. This strategic move supports domestic manufacturing, encourages investments, and aligns with India's renewable energy goals of achieving 500 GW capacity by 2030.

The post Union Budget 2026 :Duty Exemption on Solar Glass Input Boosts India’s Solar Manufacturing Ambitions appeared first on SolarQuarter.

Vungu Solar Signs 25-Year PPA with ZETDC for 30 MW Solar Project in Zimbabwe

2 February 2026 at 04:44

Vungu Solar Pvt Ltd has signed a 25-year Power Purchase Agreement with ZETDC for a 30 MWac solar project, boosting Zimbabwe’s renewable energy capabilities. This landmark initiative will power around 76,000 households, attract investment, and promote job creation while supporting the country’s energy transition toward sustainability and energy security.

The post Vungu Solar Signs 25-Year PPA with ZETDC for 30 MW Solar Project in Zimbabwe appeared first on SolarQuarter.

China added 66.43 GW of new-type energy storage in 2025

2 February 2026 at 06:21

CNESA says China’s non-pumped storage technologies hit 144.7 GW in 2025, with 66.43 GW added.

From ESS News

China’s cumulative power-sector energy storage capacity reached 213.3 GW by the end of 2025, up 54% year on year, according to data from the China Energy Storage Alliance (CNESA). Pumped hydro accounted for 31.3% of the total, while “new-type” energy storage made up 67.9% – around 144.7 GW.

Based on CNESA DataLink 2025 annual energy storage dataset, presented at a press conference in Beijing on Jan. 22, a total of 66.43 GW/189.48 GWh of new-type energy storage systems were commissioned in 2025.

The added power and energy scales increased 52% and 73% year on year, respectively, which CNESA linked to a continued shift toward longer-duration configurations, it reported the average duration rising to 2.58 hours in 2025 (from 2.11 hours in 2021).

CNESA said the leading application scenario has shifted toward standalone energy storage, which accounted for 58%, while user-side storage fell to 8% and thermal-plus-storage frequency regulation to 1.4%; “renewables-paired storage” was described as stable.

Geographically, CNESA reported that the top 10 provinces each exceeded 5 GWh of newly commissioned capacity and together represented about 90% of additions. Inner Mongolia ranked first by both power and energy capacity, and Yunnan entered the top 10 for the first time.

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries continued to dominate, with CNESA reporting over 98% of new-type installed capacity. CNESA also noted emerging deployments of sodium-ion, vanadium flow, compressed air, gravity storage, and hybrid systems, separately citing a 40 MW/40 MWh grid-forming sodium-ion project in Wenshan, Yunnan as an example.

On procurement, CNESA reported 690 energy storage system tenders (excluding centralized/framework procurement), down 10.4%, while EPC tenders rose to 1,536, up 4.5%. Winning bid volumes (excluding centralized/framework procurement) reached 121.5 GWh for systems and 206.3 GWh for EPC.

CNESA’s tender-price analysis for LFP systems (excluding user-side applications) reported a 2025 winning bid price range of CNY 391.14/kWh ($55/kWh) to CNY 913.00/kWh ($128/kWh). For EPC (excluding user-side), CNESA reported average winning bid prices of CNY 1,043.82/kWh ($146/kWh) for 2-hour projects and CNY 935.40/kWh ($131/kWh) for 4-hour projects.

CNESA also launched a policy “map” for standalone storage market mechanisms covering 21 provinces.

Uncertainty looms as U.S. solar PPA prices climb for second straight quarter

2 February 2026 at 06:15

A report from LevelTen Energy finds solar PPA prices in North America rose 3.2% in Q4 2025, marking a nearly 9% year-over-year increase as developers and buyers navigate a complex “post-OBBBA” regulatory environment.

From pv magazine USA

Renewable energy power purchase agreement (PPA) prices continued their upward trajectory in the final quarter of 2025, driven by persistent policy headwinds and a shifting tax credit landscape.

According to the Q4 2025 PPA Price Index from marketplace operator LevelTen Energy, solar P25 prices rose by 3.2% following a 4% increase in the third quarter.

While solar costs climbed, wind PPA prices saw a slight dip, declining 1%. However, on an annual basis, both technologies have seen prices surge by nearly 9% compared to the same period last year.

Post-OBBBA

The market is currently adjusting to the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (OBBBA), which introduced tax credit cuts. LevelTen noted the second half of 2025 was defined by “ruthless” prioritization as firms scrambled to safe-harbor projects.

Despite these challenges, a November survey of developers representing over 230 GW of capacity found that more than 75% of projects slated to go online before 2029 expect to successfully retain access to tax credits.

This clarity has allowed some developers to dial in pricing by removing risk premiums that had previously accounted for OBBBA-related uncertainties, said the report.

Regional pricing

The report highlights significant price disparity across North American ISOs. For solar, P25 prices reached as high as $115 per MWh in ISO-NE and $81.03/MWh in PJM, while ERCOT remained the most competitive at $49 per MWh.

ISO Market  Solar P25 Price ($/MWh) 
ISO-NE  $115.00  
PJM  $81.03  
MISO  $64.95  
CAISO  $62.00  
ERCOT  $49.00 

In the wind sector, ERCOT has seen a massive 19% year-over-year price hike, fueled by an ongoing boom in data center development and a premium on available capacity. 

Buyer headwinds

LevelTen pointed to several factors that could continue to apply upward pressure on prices:

  • Tariff uncertainties: Ongoing Section 232 investigation tariffs are adding direct development costs.
  • Permitting hurdles: “Harsh” new federal permitting procedures have stalled substantial amounts of development nationwide.
  • FEOC: The industry is still awaiting guidance on Foreign Entity of Concern (FEOC) rules, which are expected to add compliance costs and further complicate tax credit qualification.

Corporate strategy

Many corporate buyers are now pausing or adjusting their procurement strategies due to proposed updates to the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHGP) Scope 2 standards, said the report. The updates, expected to be finalized in 2027, may introduce more stringent accounting for hourly matching and physical deliverability.

“The current uncertainty has caused some buyers… to adjust or even delay their procurement strategies,” the report said.

LevelTen encourages industry players to weigh in on the proposal, as 97% of companies tracking emissions currently utilize the GHGP.

As buyers and sellers work to establish a “pricing equilibrium,” the report said in markets where contract values are challenging, sellers may need to find more transactable pricing levels to get deals done.

 

Voltalia bags 132 MW solar project in Tunisia

2 February 2026 at 06:04

Voltalia has been awarded a 132 MW solar project in the Gabès region of south-east Tunisia by the Tunisian government. Construction of the Wadi solar project is scheduled to begin in 2027, with commissioning planned [...]

The post Voltalia bags 132 MW solar project in Tunisia appeared first on Renewable Watch.

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